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VESSEL ELEMENT from XYLEM TISSUE-- Woody Stem (Liriodendron, tulip tree), Maceration, 25X. Vessel elements are one of the cell types found in xylem. Xylem is a tissue found in vascular plants and functions in the conduction of water and minerals from roots to leaves and other parts of the plant. There are openings at both ends of the vessel element and are called perforations or perforation plates. In the plant vessel elements are stacked end to end forming vessels that conduct the water. You can also see pits in the walls of the vessel elements. Vessel elements are dead cells.